Looks like this would be fairly easy to implement: https://github.com/camunda/camunda-bpm-platform/tree/master/engine/src/main/java/org/camunda/bpm/engine/impl/calendar. You can write a new business calendar that is basically a duplicate of duedate but has the extra logic to use the Cronexpression class similar to show it’s executed in the cycle calendar. Then you register the calendar when the engine is initialized in the custom calendar settings.
If you replace the due date calendar then you don’t need to change anything in the modeler. Otherwise if you create a additional calendar then you will need to modify the timer type directly in the bpmn xml.